Degelo no mar árctico atinge novo recorde
05.09.2007 - 18h54 PUBLICO.PT
A superfície gelada no mar do Árctico atingiu este mês um novo recorde mínimo, com apenas 4,42 milhões de quilómetros quadrados, revela o National Snow and Ice Data Center da Universidade do Colorado, em Denver. Até agora, o recorde ia para o ano de 2005, com 5,32 milhões de quilómetros quadrados.
Os cientistas dizem-se “espantados” com a perda de gelo. Só na semana passada desapareceu uma área quase duas vezes maior do que a Grã-bretanha, noticia hoje o jornal britânico “The Guardian”.
A passagem marítima Nordeste ao longo da costa russa do Árctico poderá abrir no final deste mês. Se o degelo, que acelerou a partir de 2002, continuar a este ritmo, o Árctico poderá ficar sem gelo no Verão em 2030.
“Se me tivessem perguntado há uns anos quando iria o Árctico perder todo o seu gelo, teria dito 2100 ou 2070. Mas agora penso que 2030 é uma estimativa razoável. Parece que o Árctico vai ser um espaço muito diferente ainda na nossa geração e certamente na dos nossos filhos”, comentou Mark Serreze, do National Snow and Ice Data Centre, citado pelo “The Guardian”.
O degelo no Árctico ocorre todos os meses de Setembro. No Inverno, a água do mar recomeça a congelar. Mas este ano, esse processo será mais difícil. “Este Verão temos toda esta água [sem gelo] que faz entrar calor no oceano. Isso vai dificultar o regresso do gelo. O que estamos a ver este ano permite mostrar-nos que o próximo será pior”, acrescentou.
Alterações nos ventos e circulação de correntes podem contribuir para o degelo. Mas Serreze acredita que o maior culpado é o sobre-aquecimento do planeta. “As regras começam a mudar e o que está a mudar as regras são as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa”.
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